Salted Caramel Bars

granulated sugar ((1/2 cup))

salt

unsalted butter (, melted)

egg yolk (, whisked)

all-purpose flour ((1 2/3 cup))

unsalted butter ((1 cup))

light brown sugar ((1 cup, lightly packed))

light corn syrup ((3/4 cup))

fine sea salt

granulated sugar ((1/4 cup))

heavy cream

pure vanilla extract

Flaked sea salt